Until September, Aleksei Antropov was playing the double bass for the Russian Philharmonic orchestra in Moscow.

But when President Vladimir Putin ordered Russia’s first mobilisation since World War II to boost his faltering invasion of Ukraine, the 29-year-old fled to neighbouring Georgia where he now works as a hotel receptionist.

The classical musician is one of hundreds of thousands of Russians, many of them young men, who left the country to avoid the risk of being called up to fight a war that some do not agree with.

The Georgian capital, Tbilisi, was a popular destination, because it can be reached by land, has relatively lax entry and exit rules, and enjoys close cultural ties with Russia.

Antropov is embarking on a new life abroad, initially living in a cheap hostel on the outskirts of Tbilisi before moving into an apartment with friends and holding down a modest job.

He is also keeping his passion alive and has gathered a small group of classical musicians who, like him, are Russians, with a view to performing in Tbilisi and possibly Yerevan, the capital of neighbouring Armenia.

“I do not have an orchestra now,” Antropov told Reuters. “So I am building my own.”

For the first rehearsal in late December, held in the rented basement of a building in central Tbilisi, he bought a stack of cheap plastic stools for the players to sit on.

Antropov does not intend to return to Russia for the foreseeable future, even if the political leadership changes.

“The next Russian Putin could be even scarier than the current one,” he said, sitting in a Georgian café that serves local cuisine.

Recalling his trip to Georgia, he said it took three days to cross the border at Verkhniy Lars because the queues of people evacuating Russia were so long.

“We were driven to the border on country roads, bribing police officers, and then walked more than 10km up a mountain,” he said, with a wry smile.

He hopes to buy a property in Tbilisi one day.

“I need a home – a place where I can come back. And I hope Tbilisi will become such a home for me. It is a beautiful city.”

Grigory Dobrynin is the drummer with Russian band SBPCh (the Russian initials for “The Largest Prime Number”).

After Moscow launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine on February 24, he, too, left for Georgia, taking only a suitcase full of belongings and two hats that he wore at concerts.

While SBPCh continues to perform in a slimmed-down version, Dobrynin now spends much of his time at Practica, a rehearsal space in Tbilisi that organisers designed as a meeting place for musicians from Georgia and abroad.

Jam sessions happen every two weeks, while Dobrynin also teaches the drums.

“I don’t consider teaching to be a step backwards for me. Teaching and playing in a band are just different things, they cannot be compared,” he said.

“(But) to be honest, I really miss the gigs and the concerts. It’s a big loss for me.”

Russian singer and guitarist Anastasia Ivanova, better known by her stage name Grechka (“Buckwheat”), is able to keep touring but has not been able to perform in Russia since leaving last spring, saying she was on a “blacklist” for her opposition to the war.

The 22-year-old, who has also based herself in Tbilisi, said she had performed in Ukraine after the Black Sea peninsula of Crimea was illegally annexed by Moscow in 2014.

“I was very warmly welcomed by the Ukrainian audience,” Ivanova said. “So when Russian TV says that Ukrainians hate Russians, I know it is bulls***.”